Diabetes &Nutrition

Diabetes Atlas of international Federation

2019 reports 463million adults living with diabetes.

1in5 are aged over 65years.

By 2045 total number of diabetic patients

To increase further by 700million.

Economic Impact :

 1Direct cost of treatment

2. Cost of disability

 3. Intangible cost of poor equality of life.

Insulin Resistance :

Primary defect in Type 2 diabetes,a   

Condition where higher than normal

Insulin levels are needed to elicit  a normal

Metabolic response.

Nutritional recommendations for Patients of Type 2 Diabetes:

1  Reduce energy intake and promote 5 -–10%

     Loss of initial body weight  . Leading to

     Improved  insulin sensitivity.

      Blood glucose and BP control.

       And Reduced lipid levels.

 2  Regular meal times and healthy diet

     Should be combined with increased

     Physical activity.

  3  Reduce  energy intake in all individuals

      With over weight /Obesity (Caloric 

      Deficit of 250/ 500 kcal /day to promote

     Weight loss (0.5---1Kg/week )

    In a final body weight within normal

    Range.

4.   Carbohydrates :

        Prefer low glycemic index foods (Whole

         Grains , fruits ,legumes ,green salad

          With olive  dressing and most vegetables

          Limit refined carbohydrates (Pasta

          White bread rice white potatoes etc)

5        Sugars : Limit intake of sucrose

           Containing foods and sugary drinks.

6.       Fibers ;  30 -50 grams/day of  dietary

           Fibers (at least 1/3 of soluble origin)

7.       Proteins : 1to 1.5grams /Kg  Ideal

         Body weight

8.       Fats : Avoid Trans fatty acids

            Enriched foods omega 3 fatty acids

            Saturated fatty acids 7--9%

             Total fats 20-----35 %of total Kcal

9 Lastly Physical Activity atleast

     150min/week

    Ref   Nutrients 2021 Aug : 13(8):2748

              Maria Letiza Petroni

              Lucia Brodosi ,(------) and

               Federico Ravaioli