Diabetes &Nutrition
Diabetes Atlas of international Federation
2019 reports 463million adults living with diabetes.
1in5 are aged over 65years.
By 2045 total number of diabetic patients
To increase further by 700million.
Economic Impact :
1Direct cost of treatment
2. Cost of disability
3. Intangible cost of poor equality of life.
Insulin Resistance :
Primary defect in Type 2 diabetes,a
Condition where higher than normal
Insulin levels are needed to elicit a normal
Metabolic response.
Nutritional recommendations for Patients of Type 2 Diabetes:
1 Reduce energy intake and promote 5 -–10%
Loss of initial body weight . Leading to
Improved insulin sensitivity.
Blood glucose and BP control.
And Reduced lipid levels.
2 Regular meal times and healthy diet
Should be combined with increased
Physical activity.
3 Reduce energy intake in all individuals
With over weight /Obesity (Caloric
Deficit of 250/ 500 kcal /day to promote
Weight loss (0.5---1Kg/week )
In a final body weight within normal
Range.
4. Carbohydrates :
Prefer low glycemic index foods (Whole
Grains , fruits ,legumes ,green salad
With olive dressing and most vegetables
Limit refined carbohydrates (Pasta
White bread rice white potatoes etc)
5 Sugars : Limit intake of sucrose
Containing foods and sugary drinks.
6. Fibers ; 30 -50 grams/day of dietary
Fibers (at least 1/3 of soluble origin)
7. Proteins : 1to 1.5grams /Kg Ideal
Body weight
8. Fats : Avoid Trans fatty acids
Enriched foods omega 3 fatty acids
Saturated fatty acids 7--9%
Total fats 20-----35 %of total Kcal
9 Lastly Physical Activity atleast
150min/week
Ref Nutrients 2021 Aug : 13(8):2748
Maria Letiza Petroni
Lucia Brodosi ,(------) and
Federico Ravaioli