Acidity Reflux &You Part D Non prescription Therapy

Nonprescription Therapy 

Consult your Doctor before following it 

Those patient those are having mild and infrequent symptoms 

Non prescription therapy 

1) Avoiding foods that induced reflux (coffee fat)

2)  Avoid eating close to bed time and lying down 

       after meals

3). Elimination of smoking 

4) Elimination of alcohol

5) Elevation of the head of the bed 

6) weight loss

7)over the counter antacids as needed.Consulant your Doctor

Acidity Reflux and You Part C Symptoms of GERD

Symptoms of GERD

Heartburn burning or tightness behind the breast bone or at the top of the belly .

Acid Regurgitation. Sour or bitter taste inthe throat or mouth 

Waterbrash a hot sensation in stomach followed by a large amount of watery liquid in the mouth.

Dysphagia Difficulty in swallowing 

Asthma laryngitis and chronic cough are unusual symptoms but can be caused by GERD

Acidity Reflux &You Part B Heartburn Causes

Heartburn Causes :

When you swallow the lower Esophageal sphincter a circular band of muscle around the bottom part of your esophagus relaxes to allow food and liquid to flow down into your stomach . When it relaxes at the wrong time stomach acid flows back into your esophagus even.though you are in upright position. The acid is worse when you are bent over or lying down . Some factors that can cause the sphincter to to relax abnormally include :

Fatty foods

Chocolate Caffine onions Spicy food mint

Large meals

Lying down soon after eating 

Tranquilizers .

ऍसिडिटी छातीतील जळजळ

रोज 10% मोठ्या माणसात छातील जळजळ आंबट करपट चव  याचा त्रास होतो.अन्न जठरातून परत तोंडात येते .असे कसे होते. आपले अन्न जेवताना चाऊन चाऊन ते अन्ननलिकेतुन जठरात येते कसे?जठरात पडते का ?नाही अन्न नलीकेच्या आकुंचन प्रसारणाने   सरकत सरकत जठरात  येते. जठराच्या सुरवातीला अन्न नलिकेच्या शेवटास एक झडप असते तिला    LES     म्हणतात . ती झडप उघडून 

अन्न जठरात येते व झडप बंद होते.जळ जळ

  ऍसिडिटी चा त्रास होतो कसा ?झडप उघडली जाते व अन्न ऍसिड अन्न नलिकेत उलटे येते. 

कल्पना करा तुम्ही ट्रेन ने प्रवास करत आहात गाडी पुढे जात आहे शेवटच्या स्टेशन गाठले आणि ती अचानक उलटी जाऊ लागली काहीसे असेच होते .वास्तविक जठरातील झडप जी जठराच्या टोकाशी असते ती उघडून आतड्यात अन्न पुढील पचनाशी जाणे योग्य आहे पण अन्न नलिकेत जेवण वरती येते त्यात ऍसिड असते.

यामुळे जळजळ होते कारण अन्न नलिकेस आतून सुरक्षा पेशी चे कवच नसते त्यामुळे दाह  होतो  .

याला शास्त्रीय परी भाषेत        GERD (Gastro esophageal reflex Disease   असे म्हणतात .

जळ जळ हा त्रास
7%लोकात रोज होतो
14-20% लोकात  हप्त्यात येतो
15-50% लोकात महिन्यात येतो
जळ जळ हा त्रासाची कारणे :
आपण अन्न गिळले की अन्ननलिकेची झडप सैल होऊन  उघडते
व द्रवरूप अन्न जठरात जाते. परंतु ही झडप नाहक गरज नसताना सैल होऊन उघडते
जठरातील ऍसिड विरुद्ध दिशेने अन्न नलिकेत प्रवेश करते.

जरी तुम्ही सरळ उभे असाल तरी ऍसिड वरती अन्न नलिकेत येते.
आपण आडवे असाल तर ऍसिड आपली हालत करते. झडप सैल होते
कारण चरबीयुक्त अन्न
चॉकलेट्स
अल्कोहोल
अति जेवण
जेवल्यावर लगेच आडवे होणे

काही औषधे

Acidity Reflux & You Part A Introduction

Every day as many as 10% of adults have heartburn which  produces a burning sensation behind the breast bone. You may also experience a sour taste and the sensation of food re-entering your mouth (regurgitation) .It results from gastro esophageal reflex a condition in which stomach acid or bile salts backup into the food pipe (esophagus).when there is also evidence of esophageal irritation or inflammation you have (GERD).

36-77%of people have symptoms of GERD (heartburn)

Of acid etc.)

Heartburn :

7% have daily heartburn 

14-20% have weekly heartburn 

 15%-50% have monthly heartburn

It is one of the most common conditions affecting the gastrointestinal system.

 Heartburn : Unlike the stomach the esophagus does not have  a protective lining and so it becomes sore and inflamed .Acid reflux is caused by acid found in the stomach .

   

x

धूम्रपान च्या सानिध्यात झोपेच्या समस्या

मोरिओका आणि सहकारी 2008साली 

असा शोध लावला की झोपेच्या समस्या  धुम्रपाना च्या सहवासात होतात

संदर्भ Sleep Med 2008 :50:29-35

         योल्टन आणि त्याचे सहकारी 2010 साली  सौशोधन करता त्यांच्या निदर्शनास
आले को दमेकारी मुले जर धुम्रपानाच्या सहवासात राहिली तर ही मुले उशिरा झोपतात 

आणि दिवसा पेगुळतात 

संदर्भ Pediatrics 2010 Feb 125 (2)261-8

अपुरी झोप आणि हवेतील प्रदूषण

 अपुरी झोप आणि हवेतील प्रदूषण:
आपणास हवा प्रदूषण मुळे  खोकला दमा
होतो डोळे लाल होतात हे माहीत आहे
पण झोप अपुरी होते हे माहीत नसते.
चीन मधील गावात चेन आणि शान शान यांनी 2019 साली
हवेतील प्रदूषणका री घटक    1)  PM2.5  2)PM10 3)  NO2   
यामुळे अपुरी झोप लागते .हवेतील वरील घटका ची तीव्र ता
कमी झाल्यास प्रदूषण कमी होऊन झोपेची गुणवत्ता सुधारते.

संदर्भ      Chen Shan Shan 2019 Dec Environmental International

Poor Sleep quality effect of air pollution

Chen and Shan shan2019 Reported

Among'1': Rural population of China

Long term exposure to PM 2.5 PM10 and No2

We're associated with poor sleep quality

Improvement in air quality may improve sleep quantity
Ref 1.Environmental International Dec 2019

Chen and Shan Shan

Morrioka'2' H et al 2008

Reported

Second hand
smoking exposure is associated

With sleep disturbances 

Ref 2) Sleep Med 2008.:50:29-35

Yolton'3' et al 2010 reported

Children with astama exposed to second hand smoke

Associated with longer sleep onset delay and day time sleepiness.

Serum contime levels were used to measure to exposure

Tobacco.

This second.hand.smoke is harmful not only to society

But family.members also

Ref.3 Pediatrics 2010 Feb 125(2)261-8

Note for PM 2.5.  :
Is atmospheric particulate matter  (PM)

that have diameter less than.2.5 micrometers


Which is about 3percent of the diameter of

Hair .

PM
       10
Particles that are 10 micrometers or less

Ref Blissair.com

Air pollution

Air Pollution : To know degree of air pollution we should know what is Air Quality Index .

Air quality index will indicate degree of pollution higher the number

Higher is the pollution intensity.

0-50   Good

51-100  moderate

101-150.  Unhealthy for sensitivity

151-200.  Unhealthy

201-300.  Very unhealthy

301-500 .Hazardous

The above number indicates different grades of pollution

You can  load Air Quality Index  App and no air pollution index 

Of different  cities of the world daily readings are available 

This is just introduction of air pollution 

Next articles you will know  what harm is  produced by air pollution

To human beings 

उंची--वजन नाते

उंची--वजन नाते: शरीरासाठी योग्य

वजन जाणून घेऊ या साठी आप ले किलो

ग्राम वजन आणि उंची सेंटीमीटर मध्ये माहीत असणे 

जरूर आहे.समाजा उंची 5फूट चार इंच आहे ती सेंटीमीटर

मध्ये   कशी  करणार फूट गुणी ले 30 बरोबर सेंटीमीटर

येतील 5फूट गुणिले 30 बरोबर 150 सेंटीमीटर आले

यात इंचाचे सेंटीमीटर मिळवायचे आहेत 1 इंच बरोबर अदमासे 

2.5 सेंटीमीटर 

चार इंचाचे सेंटीमीटर 10 झाले 

10 +150 =160 सेंटीमीटर झाले 

आता सूत्र पाहूया

योग्य वजन = उंची सेंटीमीटर मध्ये -100=वजन किलोग्राम

वरील उदाहरणात 160-100= 60 किलोग्राम वजन आले

60 किलो ग्राम वजन योग्य वजन आहे 

जर ते खूप कमी किंवा खूप अधिक असेल तर कसे कळेल ?

जर खूप कमी अंडर वेट असेल तर ते योग्य  वजनाच्या 20 % 

कमी असेल 

60वजा 20 टक्के 

60 तुन 12 कमी करा 

48 किलोग्राम खूप कमी वजन

ओव्हर वेट  अधिक वजन जेव्हा योग्य वजनाची  पातळी 20 %अधिक 

असेल 60+ 12 

72 किलोग्राम वजन 5फूट 4 इंच असणाऱ्या इसमास ओव्हर वेट अथवा स्थूल
म्हटले जाते

लो ग्लाइ सेमिक इंडेक्स डाएट ( Low Glycemic Index Diet)--- मधुमेह

डी इ थॉमस आणि इ जे एलिऑट
(२०१०)साली मधूमेह रुग्णांना सौम्य.      अन्न घटक असे पिस्टमय पदार्थ की त्यांचा रक्तातील
साखर वाढवण्याचा वेग सोम्य आहे ग्लुकोज शी तुलनाकरताग्लुकोज १०० मानले तर या सौम्य पिस्टमय घटकाचा
नंबर ५५हुन कमी असतो  याला(low glycemic
Index diet) असे म्हणतात असे अन्नघटक  मधुमेह रोखणयास मदत करते
असे ब्रिटिश जर्नल    न्यू ट्रीशन या मासिकतुन लेखातून

प्रसिद्ध  केले
 Ref Brit Jou of Nutrition
2010: 104:797-802

रक्तातील साखर वाढवणाऱ्या अन्न घटकाची शर्यत

शर्यत म्हटली की स्पर्धा आलीच यात स्पर्धेत सर्वात धावत कोण जात असेल तर ग्लुकोज साखर म्हणून सर्व अन्न घटकात 100 मार्क ग्लुकोज ला

मिळाले आहेत  कारण कोणी ग्लुकोज साखर खाल तर

रक्तात फार लवकर येईल म्हणून ग्लुकोज साखर हे प्रमाण मानले जर ग्लुकोज घटकासाठी

100 अंक मनाला तर इतर घटक तुलनेत कसे असतात ते पाहू या

100 कसे आले आहेत
समजा

एक  प्रयोग केला निरोगी  लोकांचे वेग वेग ळे  ३ समूह केले ही सर्व मंडळी उपाशी पोटी आली त्यांची प्रथम रक्तातील साखरेची रक्ततपासणी  झाली समूह1यासाठी ग्लुकोज हा पिष्टमय अन्न घटक उपाशी पोटी पाण्यात विरघळून दिला तो अंदाजे 50 ग्राम प्रत्येकी  होता समूह दोन ला संत्रा खावयास दिले  ठराविक पिष्टमय पदार्थ मोजून प्रत्येकास

दिला 3ऱ्या सहमूहास प्रत्येकी सफरचंद पिष्टमय पदार्थ प्रमाणात दिले
३ही समूहातील सर्वांना पिस्टमय पदार्थ सम समान होते फरक काही साधे काही

कॉम्प्लेक्स होते म्हणजे त्याचे विघटनास वेळ लागेल व रक्तातील साखर मंद गतीने
वाढेल

वरील अन्न घटक दिल्या वर दोन तासांनी समूहातील प्रत्येकाचे रक्त काढले आणि 

रक्तातील साखर मोजली ही साखर उपाशी पोटी  केलेल्या परीक्षेच्या हुन जास्त होती.
ग्लुकोज समूहात सर्वात अधिक होती ग्लुकोज चा ग्रुप सर्वात अधिक होता
ग्लुकोज ला 100 मानले आणि त्या तुलनेत संत्रा ला 48
सफारचंदास 36
हा नंबर Glycemic Index      नंबर‌‌
आहे टीप विषय सोप्पा  करण्यासाठी वरील प्रयोगाची मांडणी खरे प्रयोग केले आहेत सायंटिस्ट नि
ते समजावले आहेत

संदर्भ   Linus Pauling Oregon State Univ
2005

अन्न घटक Glycemic index  नंबर
1) शेंगदाणे   14
2)केळे        52
3)मध         55
4) दूध        फुल फॅट 27
5) दूध       स्कीम  32
6) बासमती तांदूळ 50-60


7)मसूर      28
    Glycemic Index classification

कमी नंबर वाले अन्न घटक 55हुन कमी
मध्यम नंबर  56-ते 69
अधिक नंबर 70हुन अधिक
 पुढील लेख भाग2 वाचा





       

Glycemic Load

Glycemic Load= GI/100(net grams carbohydrates) 

Net grams carbohydrates =Total grams of carbohydrates-dietary fiber

Glycemic load. Eg

Food    GI    serving size.     Glycemic load

Peanut      14.          1/4cup..                          1

Orange.        48.              Medium.                     4

BANANA.       52.                1LARGE.              12.4

FRESH

HONEY.            55.                 1TABLE SPOON.     11.9

Source,  Linus Pauling Oregon State 2005

Glycemic load 

                    Low 10 or. Less

                      Medium. 11-19

                       High    20 or high



      Geoffrey Livesey et al. 2019 mention glycemic index

      and Glycemic load are dietary factors probably causual

       Of Type 2 diabetes and should  be consider by future dietary guideline

       Committees for inclusion  in food and nutrient based recommendations.

Ref. Nutrients 2019 :11:1436

Glycemic Index

Glycemic index

Is the number measures how  fast blood sugar rises

By eating certain foods compare to the blood.

Sugar rise caused by glucose

Glucose sugar glycemic index is. 100

So.lesser the glycemic index than100

Means.slower certain food is capable of

raising the. Blood. Sugar. 

Glycemic index. Of. Some foods Ref1

Fruits

Water melon 72

Banana 53

Pine apple 52

Orange 43

Apple 36

Peach 28

Milk.skim 32

Lentils 28

Ref 1 Nutrition Today

34:2 MARCH-ALRIL 1999

PLEASE NOTE TAKE. MEDICAL ADVICE

BEFORE FOLOWING ANY CHANGE

Glycemic Index low 55or less
                             Medium 56-69
                              High 70 or above
Low glycemic index is good for. A. Diabetic

Patient


But alone Low. Glycemic food
Alone is not a solution

Diabetic patient.should control the

Load of low glycmic food Amount

Let us.know.about glycemic load.

In next blog.

IDEAL WEIGHT

Ideal weight

Height in cms - 100=wt in kg

Eg if ht is।160 cms. 

160-100=60kg

Is the।ide wt

Another eg. Ht. 180cms

Then.180-100 =80

80 kg. Ideal.weight

What is under weight

When ideal. Weight is 20%less that is

In. Above  eg when instead of 60kg.wekght

Is 60-12=48kg under. Weight

Similarly when ideal weight is 80kg
Under wt is. 80-16=64 kg is under wt

Now let us know what is over weight

If. Ideal. Wt is 60kg.
For calculating. Over weight add 20% to 60 ie. 12

+60=72kg
Another eg when ideal wt is. 80

Over wt is
80+16
=96kg

Required calories
For ideal wt
Wt in kg multiply with 30
Eg
When. Ideal wt is 60
Calories req is 60(30)=1800calories

Pharma marketing tips

Medico marketing tips

1) selling of the pharma drugs is possible with
 

    Knowledge

2) Scientific reports

3)  It is a  job of good product manager to gather not only


   Recent information about the drug or disease but all generations of the drug
 


   4) History makes the detailing story interesting  and one way could compete the compitator.


    5)  Recent knowledge before it is circulated in the field  is always welcome



       By the doctors

6) In my personal experience  while introducing a new product doctor instructed to hospital staff although doctor was going for emergency operation  please ask me to wait

Docttor ask me  to share all information 20 valuable minutes we're spent by doctor
7) So never think doctor is not allowing time to discuss important features
8) You should read the face of doctor when he is not interested take it as order do not keep on detailing like a Pooja you may say  good  day.

9) spending time with doctor will give a better business .
 

Heart Disease 2

                                Heart Disease 2

Dr Roshman and Dr Friedman  in 1950 discovered Type APersonality in heart disease 

Patients with impaired coronary circulation.Researcher were
helped by a  person whose job was to repair sofas .Once the gentalman notice in above doctor's clinic that every time unlike my other customers here the sofa requires front side stiching .He reported his clever observation to these doctors.

Dr gave a thought over it and notice that his patient are impatient and anxious so that they sit much forward part and the frequent sticking required
 They called a Type A personality .

Characteristics of Type A personality

1) competitive
2) constantly watching watch

3)Impatient

4)Do not have time for family.

Heart disease 1

                                    Heart Disease 1

During first world war Europeans had to face scarcity of food.Europiens then deprived for mutton eggs milk cheese for long time even during  post war peroid .

Post war food for Europeans , potato vegetables and legumes .


Doctor's from Finland Dr Emari and Dr Kanelha observed the number of deaths due to heart diseases significantly lowered on post war perood compare to pre war peroid.

The above Finland study disproved the theory that for heart disease the sole cause is       heriditary.

      For maintaining proper metabolic  functions of the heart balanced diet

         is requried .Simlarly stress free life is essential for normal heart functions.

        Stress was common to even our ancestors living in cave.
     
          Wild animals were constant threat to humans life in cave  .


           For running away from wild animals tiger lion one must have strong leg muscles

Required for running .Heart must supply proper blood supply .
 




         Today we have different causes for stress .we should have matching dress while going to office we should try to reach on time to office mere thought that today boss will ask if we have complited the yesterday's task will trigger our stress levels.insulting of boss in front of office staff adds to stress some times our ancestors life was better than today's boss cabin as we cannot run away from boss cabin when boss is scolding.

Economical stress adds up this finally increases  stress harmones unlike in past where our ancestors used to utilised the stress hormones by running away from threat of wild animals we give stress to heart as we cannot run away from daily stresful events.This results in hypertension heart disease.




       Astronuts blood pressure before entering space is unstable but once he reaches in space his blood pressure stabilizes


    This skill of astronuts should be implemented in day to day practice to have some control on BP.
Scientist from America carry out study  on monkeyes .There we're two groups A and B group A monkeys were kept in group in single cage . Group B monkeys were kept in isolation experiment was for 21months.All monkeys food was same.
Observation group B monkeys showed blokages in blood vessels and Group A monkeys free  from blokages .conclusion isolation increases stress and blokages on blood vessels.


 

Tumour Markers

                         Tumour Markers 

Cancer is an abnormal growth that originates within human body and  although there are

different types of cancer but  all share hallmark of characteristic that unchecked growth 

Progress to a limitless expansion.

 Cancer grows and expands and spreads by metastasis ie some cells detached from primary tumour spreads into the even at times distant organs and establishess secondaries .
Tumor Markers required to understands the growth as we use to record the fever  using thermometer , blood sugar to monitor diabetes


Ideal tumour marker :
Be specific for the tumour
Level should change in response to tumour size

An abnormal level in response to micro metastasis
 Both sensitivity and specificity required

It should help in diagnosis and prognosis



So we can say an ideal tumour marker should be specific and sensitive.

Sensitive tumour marker value should increase even if micrometastasis grows

1) CEA : tumour marker called carcino embryonic antigent

        Cancer is back ward process so cea increases in cancer

      This test is non specific and non sensitive

Abnormal readings are seen in smokers cirrhosis

Ulcerative colitis hence first diagnosis is required and then Monitoring possible   for breast cancer pulmonary cancer and  colorectal cancer

 2)      CA--125  notice in 50percent early overian patients
   
             CA-125  increases in appendicitis, pregnancy and ovarian cyst

           The CA-125  lacks sensitivity and specificity.
            This test is useful in monitoring ovarian cancer recurrence
               and treatment .




 3)
      Ca15--3 :Not specific or sensitive enough to detect early breast cancer .


         Low value of CA15 --3 did not rule a carcinoma,an elevated value ,greAter than 35
   
       Units /ml suggested malignancy .


As a rule CA-15 should be used after the diagnosis of breast cancer .

CA15-3 elevation may be due to ling ovarian liver and colorectal
Cancer.


      4) PSA (Prostate SPECIFIC  ANTIGEN :

            Elevated in high Prostate cancer ,in benign prostate ,hypertrophy and

          Prostatits
Monitor recurrence and response to treatment




       
   

Human Genome ---Pharmacogenomics

Human Body is compsed of 100 Trillion cells .The number of cells if compaired to number of brics required for a 150 storied tower the number is negligible to 100 Trillion .
 One Trillion means 10000000000000 from this number we get an idea of complexity of body functioning.

   Every cell is having at it's centre nucleus .

If nucleus is alive then cell is alive .Nucleus is like central government .Inside nucleus there are chromosomes these chrosomes are colourless . 

Flaming Scientist stained chromosomes in 1880.

Chromosomes are sites for chain of genes . 

What is DNA ?

  Every body knows because of TV serial like 

  CID .

   True parents could be identified by DNA 

    Study.

    DNA carries heriditary traits .Parents give us set of chromosomes 

   Human chromosome number is even as each parent contributes one set of chromosome

Mother contributes 23 chromosomes 

And father contributes 23 chromosomes so that each human  cell contents 46 chromosomes.

First 22 pair of chrmosomes do not contribute sex 

Last 23rd pair contains sex chromosome

if  XX means female and X Y means male .

DNA carries thread of Gene .DNA structure  is like spiral staircase


      Each stem of step isade up of two letters either A with T or C with G


        What is A it's an adenine T is  Thyamine  A is always associated  with T .


         G means Guanine and  C means Cytosine ,remember G always associated with C

          DNA code language message passes via these four letters ATGC



               How many genes are there in a human body ?
 

 The total number of genes present or located on 46 chromosomes

Genomic project started in 1989 and completed in 2003

The cost of genomic project was huge 6400million dollars spent .1000 scientist worked.

Genomic discovery resulted in finding out toatal 30000 genes in entire human genes.

Total 6400 millions pair bases AT and CG were recorded in entire human genome .

Surprisingly  99.7 %of pair bases we're alike to any person in the world .It means only

0.30% pair bases are different  which is contributing difference of color height and many

Differences among us

What is pharmaco genomics ? The study of genomic response to each drug .Although the drug is same the disease is same indication is same standard dose is used is also correct

Results may vary from good or the drug may not work

Or drug may be toxic .why this happens ? It is because of alter pharmacodynamics due



 To individual genomic contributed by parents

Let us know what is the jorney of the drug in our body

1) entry


  2)The drug travels in our body through a check post imp


    Liver here the drug interacts with  specific enzymes from P450 a cluster of enzymes

    These enzymes changed according to genomic set up

   Some enzymes due to mutational changes in genomic set up either do not work or may produce toxic by products.This alteration occurs due to non performing or harmful effect of Gene


      3) after metabolism as discussed above goes on to next step


     4)Drug waste is excreated



        Pharmacogenomics : Clopidogrel ,this drug   avoids platelets aggregation

 
          . Cyp2c19 is cytochrome enzyme requried for the metabolism of Clopidogrel


           If cyp2c19 cytochrome enzyme is altered due to genomic changes in patient


 The desired effect is not achieved or mild effect or toxic effect  may be achieved due to genetic mutation by genome


     To know that drug will not show desired effect specific genomic test should be carried out   which will cost 1000 us dollars.


Such testing is ideal for anti cancer drugs where the toxicity profile is high and patient need .



Not suffer

           

Heartburn

You have just eaten a big meal and lean back in your favorite chair. Then  it  happens  , your chest starts to hurt so much it feels like it is on fire.

Every day as many as 10% of adults have heartburn which produces a burning sensation of food re-entering your mouth
,(regurgitation) .
It results from gastro esophageal reflux a condition in which stomach acid or bile salts back up into food pipe (oesophagus).

  When there is also evidence of esophageal  irritation or inflammation . You have gastro esophageal  reflux disease (GORD)

        Heartburn is one of the most common

Condition affecting the gastrointestinal system .

7% have daily heartburn
15-50% have monthly heartburn .

Heart burn causes :when you swallow the lower esophageal sphincter a circular band of muscle around the bottom part of your food pipe relaxes to allow food and liquid
To flow down into your stomach .
But when it relaxes at the wrong time stomach acid flows backward up into your food pipe ,even you are in upright position.

Factors responsible

1). Fatty foods
2)chocolate
3) caffeine
4) onions
5) spicy food
6) large meals
7)lying down soon after eating

Symptoms
GERD. Gastro esophageal reflux disorder

1)Heartburn Burning or tightness behind the breast bone

2) Acid regurgitation: Sour or bitter taste
     In the throat or mouth

3) Water Trash : a hot sensation in the stomach followed by large amount of watery liquid in the mouth

4)   chronic cough can be caused by GERD

Non prescription Therapy

1) Avoiding foods that induce reflux fat coffee etc
2) Avoid eating closed to bed tim
 

3) Elimination of smoking

4) Elimination of alcohol
5) weight loss

6) Elevation of the head of the bed

Remember  follow only doctor's advice

Know your cholesterol

   Cholesterol
1) Soft fat like waxy substance

2) Found in blood ;cells and food we eat

3) Needed for cell membranes

4) Helps in making hormones and  Vitamin D

5) Cholesterol is manufactured I'm the liver

6) Cholesterol sources meat poultry fish eggs butter

     Whole milk cheese .No plant sources

                      Good Cholesterol (HDL)

    Tends to carry cholesterol away from arteries and back
 
     and back to liver where it is broken and excreated

                            Bad Cholesterol (LDL)

Too much can clog arteries .
LDL bad cholesterol has tendency to built up on walls of arteries
Bad cholesterol is harmful can cause heart attack
Brain attacks also called as stroke.


                    Saturated  Fats
   
          Fats are fattening

         Eat Fats less than 30 percentage
         Of daily calories


    Saturated Fats 10%
         Unsaturated Fats 20%


Cholesterol Ratio

Total Cholesterol/ HDL cholesterol

Normal  less than 4.5

Eg  if Total Cholesterol 200
And HDL cholesterol 50
The ratio 4

If Total cholesterol 200
And HDL  cholesterol 30
Ratio 6.6
Although Total cholesterol is same since HDL Cholesterol  is different.


   
 Total cholesterol:. Optimally less than 200 mg% .

Borderline high 200-239mg%


High risk 240mg% and above

Bad Cholesterol (LDL) : optimal less than 100mg%
Border line high 130--- 159mg%

High Risk

160mg,%and above

Good cholesterol (HDL)    optimal
Less than 40mg% for males
And less than 50 mg% for females

Ref National. Cholesterol education

Cholesterol 1000mg produced daily in our body
From our daily diet we get 300 mg cholesterol
Cholesterol / 100gm of chicken 78mg
Chicken liver contains 472mg cholesterol per 100gm

Yellow part of egg contains 260mg cholesterol per egg
Prawns per 100gm cholesterol
Quantity is 150mg
White of an egg is cholesterol free.

 
         

                 

 

















   









         

Body Mass Index (BMI)

what is BMI ? The number which will give idea about your body weight if it is under wt  normal over weight or obese. The ratio is called Body Mass Index=
 Weight in Kg /Height in Meter Square
BMI Normal 18to 24.9
BMI Over wt 25to 29.9
BMI 30 and above indicates Obese
under wt means BMI less than 18.5

Obesity is an establish independent risk factor for developing hypertension .
Data studied from729 cross sectional study participants analysed in rural area of Japan in 2016
Conclusion : BMI and elevation had significant association with hypertension.(1)
The Uk Bio bank cohort of  >500000
Participants were  included in study.
Over weight and obese adults report low levels of physical activity high TV viewing and poor sleep duration.(2)


1)Ref Int J Environ Res Public Health 2017Sep 14(9):1022 Tsushi Hamano et al
2) Ref The international Journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity 2017 (14):57 Cassidy S Chau JY  Catt M
Bauman A Trenell MI

मधुमेह चाचणी ( HbA1C)

ही चाचणी काय आहे हे समजवुन घेणे जरुरी चे आहे कारण आता डॉ ही चाचणी करून घेतली तर मधुमेहा वर

 कीती ताबा आहे हे समजु शकेल असे सांगतात.

मधुमेह रुग्णांना शंका येते हे काय नवीन आज ? 

नेहमी  रक्त २ वेळी तपासावे लागे उपाशीपोटी आणि जेवण झाल्यावर २ तासांनी  

ही परीक्षा केली तर गेले ३ महीन्यात रक्तातील साखरेची पातळी कशी राहीली यांचा अंदाज येतो.या मुळे तपासणी च्या दिवशी साखर कमी खाऊन किंवा गोड कमी खाऊन रिपोर्ट चांगलें भासवता येत नाहीत.कारण      HbA1C ही टेस्ट तिनं महीन्यात रक्ताची पातळी  कशी  होती  त्याचा अंदाज येतो.

HbA1C  काय आहे Hb  हीमोग्लोबिन रक्तातील लाल पिग्मेंटे ज्या मुळे रक्तातिल पेशी ना लाल रंग असतो. हे लाल 

पिग्मेंटे साखरे बरोबर  संयुग बनवीते जीतकी साखर रक्तात आधीक तेवढी  HbA1C  आधिक

तांबड्या पेशींचे आयुष्य फक्त १२० दिवस असते

आता काही तांबड्या पेशी आपल्या शरीरात जन्म घेत असतील कांहींचे जिवन संपत असेल 

याचा अर्थ ० दिवसा पासून १२० दिवसा पर्यंत  

सरासरी 3महिने HbA1C  टेस्ट रक्तातील साखरेची

पातळी चा अंदाज देतील.ही टेस्ट दर सहा महिन्याने डॉ सल्ला ने करावी.
मधुमेह HbA1C   पातळी 6.5कीवा आधीक
मधुमेह नसणारे HbA1C  पातळी 5.6किवा त्या हून
कमी

कॅन्सर ‌‌‌‌‌ लाॅग कील

कॅन्सर लाॅग कील यांचा अर्थ  यानी केमोथेरॅपी कीती कॅन्सर पेशींचा नाश (1केमो नी)
होतो याचा अंदाज येतो. लवकरात लवकर निदान झाल्यास
 निदान  होते तेव्हा कॅन्सर पेशींची संख्या
,1000000000 असते  या हून कमी कॅन्सर  पेषी निदान शक्य नसते.कॅन्सर संख्या कीती कमी होईल ते कॅन्सर कील सुत्रामुळे कळते. .ही संकल्पना 1940 साली Skipper Norton-Simon आणि Goldie Coldman यांनी मांडली.
कॅन्सर फौज ही १वर ९ पुज्य एवढी आहे पहिल्या केमोथेरपी नी ,९९ टक्के फौज मरेल तरीही  १०००००००कॅन्सर पेशी जीवंत आहेत
आता लक्षात आले असेल की १ पेक्षा जास्त केमोथेरपी ची गरज का भासते.
२केमो नी १००००० इतकी फौज कॅन्सर पेशींची राहतें.

३ री केमोथेरपी १००० इतकी फौज कॅन्सर पेशींची राहते
४ केमोथेरपी केवळ १० कॅन्सर पेशीं राहतात
५ केमोथेरपी कॅन्सर फौज  खतम .
नाही असे होत कारण ््
वरील गणीत  नेहमी होईल असे नाही
याला कारणे
 केमोथेरपी मुळे कॅन्सर रुग्णांच्या सफेद पेशींचा नाश होतो.
परत नविन पेशी कॅन्सर शी लढत देण्यास ३ आठवडे जातात .
या काळात शत्रु झोपुन राहत नाही नविन फौज बनवतात
रक्त वाहीनीचे जाळे बनवतात.
केमोथेरपी शी
 झुंज देता येईल आशी ‌ नविन रचना करतात
या मुळे केमोथेरपी काम करत नाही
नवीन जनूकीय परीक्षा मोलाची आहे
या मुळे कॅन्सर रोग औषधा ला कसा प्रतीकार करेल हे औषध घेण्या आधी कळेल या वर संशोधन चालू आहे.
रोगी कसा मुकाबला करतात ते रोग प्रतिकारक शक्ती वर
ठरते.

हृदय विकार-- रक्त प्रवाहास अडथळा ५

हृदय विकार -- रक्त प्रवाहास अडथळा ४

हृदय विकार-- रक्त प्रवाहास अडथळा ३

हृदय विकार -- रक्त प्रवाहास अडथळा २

हृदय विकार --रक्त प्रवाहास अडथळा १

मधुमेह लेख ३(७)

मधुमेह लेख ३(६)

मधुमेह लेख ३(५)

मधुमेह लेख ३(४)

मधुमेह लेख ३(३)

मधुमेह लेख ३(२)

मधुमेह लेख ३(१)

मधुमेह लेख २(९))

मधुमेह लेख २(८)

मधुमेह लेख २(७)

मधुमेह लेख २(६)

मधुमेह लेख२(५)

मधुमेह लेख२ (४)

मधुमेह लेख२(३)

मधुमेह लेख२(२)

मधुमेह लेख२(१)

मधुमेहाची वाटचाल ८

मधुमेहाची वाटचाल ७

मधुमेहाची वाटचाल ६

मधुमेहाची वाटचाल ५

मधुमेहाची वाटचाल ४

मधुमेहाची वाटचाल ३

मधुमेहाची वाटचाल २

          

मधुमेहाची वाटचाल १-८

हृदय विकार ६

हृदय विकार ५

हृदय विकार ४

हृदय विकार ३

हृदय विकार २

हृदय विकार१ -६

Cancer log kill

Cancer log kill : Let us first know what is log eg 10 number log is 1 for 100 the log number 2 similarly for 1000 Log number 3 .
Now what is log kill it is hypothesis used in relation to capacity of chemotherapy in cancer killing  generally 2-3 .
What is the base ? Earliest dignosis of cancer is possible when cancer cells number is 10to the power of 9 wt of cancer cells is just 1gm .but with exponential growth it would be 10to the power of 12 weighing 1kg a critical stage .
Let us calculate the cancer log kill of patient with 10 to the power 9 even if cancer kill is log 3 the cancer cells would remain 10to the power of 6 and in the next cycle the cancer cells would be killed again 3log ie caccer cells would remain still 10 to the power of 3 .In next chemotherapy would kill almost all cancer cells except one

But cacer would not behave mathematically alone some new cancer cells would add to the remaining cacer cells some cancer cells would resist chemotherapy agents .
The above briefing helps to understand the need for multiple chemotherapy cycles.

मानवी जिनोम औषधी- जनुक विज्ञान४

मानवी जिनोम - औषधी जनुक विज्ञान ३

मानवी जिनोम - औषधी जनुक विज्ञान २

मानवी जिनोम - औषधी जनुक विज्ञान 1-4

Diabetes History

Diabetes History
1) 1500 BC Ebers Papyrus first described diabetes.
2) 400 BC Sushrut Indian surgeon
Knew diabetes causes are genetical and environmental .
3)Paul Langerhans 1869 described cluster of cells (islets) in pancreas
4)In 1889 Minkowski and Joseph Von Mering discoverd that dogs subjected to remval of their pancreas developed the symptoms of diabetes leading Minkowski to postulate that the Pancreas is the site of secreation an antidiabetic substance now known to be insulin.
5) Dr Banting and Dr Best isolated insulin in 1921 .Insulin injected to a diabetic dog showed fall in glucose levels .
6) First insulin use Jan 11 1922 a 14 year old Type 1 diabetes named Lenord Thompson
Received an experimental injection at the .


Toronto General Hospital


At that time Type 1 diabetes was thought
To be a death sentence .Thompson's life was extended by am additional 13 years using insulin.
7) The Noble prize in physiology or medicine 1923 was awarded jointly to Frederic Grant Banting and John Macleoid For the discovery of insulin .

HbA1c Blood test

This test is now a days essential for a diabetic patient to know average status for the disease as fasting blood sugar or post lunch sugar is going to tell a spot reading and not the average reading HbA1C instead will speak out for average .How average is revealed because this test is a glycosylated hemoglobin simply heamoglobin attached to sugar or glucose  .How it happens as you know blood heamoglobin is a red pigment inside Red Blood cells  binds to glucose the life of Red blood cells is 120days so in your body some red blood cells are born while you are reading this news but some are 2days old some 20days some may be 120 days and dieing after completing their life span.Yes so the average is around 2months to 3 months.The advantage is doctor would know how was your blood sugar control for past 3months

Spot reading fasting or post lunch 2hours reading will not be able to tell you what was your control for last two to 3months.More over you may eat less when you go for lab test fasting or post lunch and get false report.
This HbA1C test generally done six monthly .The importants for fasting and post lunch blood sugar are always there .
The American Diabetic Association guidelines 2013
Greater than 6.5 percent HbA1c means diabetic level and 5.7to 6.4 percent means pre diabetic